Part 1: Origins
- Separation is due to violence on both Iran and Iraq
- Shiite are dominant in Iran
- Shiites mainly control the oil in places like Saudi Arabia and Iraq.
- The conflicts between the Sunni and Shiites started shortly after the death of the prophet of Muhammad.
- Violence broke out when the Sunni Muslims picked a successor of Muhammad instead of a family member, which is what the Shiites wanted.
- The two were able to lived together peacefully by practicing quietism
- All changed after WWI
- In 1953 political turmoil broken out and the Shaw had to flee the country
- Shaw created a secret police to punch and control people
- Khomany was exiled and began to wrote about what a real Islamic state should look like
- The Shaw could not control the mosque
- In 1978 a riot broke out and people were trying to overthrow the government
- US embassy was broken into and diplomats were taken as hostages
- Wanted both Sunni and Shiites to follow his way
- Most Sunni rejected the ideas especially Saddam Hussein
- Sunni Muslims ceased the grand Mosque in Mecca
- Some Sunni began to resist the leader because they saw him favoring the Shiites
- Some Sunni sought to further developed the differences and the rise of Sunni fundamentalist began
- Objective to over throw government and more specifically anti- Shiites
- They wanted to seize control of the Shiites oil
- This cause the war between Sunni and Shiite Muslims, in Iran and Iraq
- the end of the Iraq -Iran war brought no relief for the Shiite Muslims and further divided the Shiite and Sunni Muslims
- US invasion in Iraq played a part in deepening the divide
- Sunni targeted Shiites citizens and US soldiers through suicide bombings
- In 2006 Shia fought back
- US is responsible for most of the violence in Iraq
- The main threat is the war against Shiites and Sunnis
- Sunnis did not at first Hezbollah because they thought it promoted Iranian views
- When the US invaded Iraq in 2003, President Bush declared that the aim was to overthrow Saddam Hussein and bring democracy to Iraq
- Over time that aim changed and now the goal is to bring stability to Iraq and prevent the Shiites in Iraq from regaining power
- There were many contradictions, such as the US, while trying to establish stability in Iraq again was also backing a Shiite government in Iraq that has close and cordial relations with Iran
- Us is building an alliance in the Arab world against Shii Iran
- The danger is that they might not realize the intensity with which some people in the Middle East do think in these sectarian terms
- Iraq has to be a barrier to Iranian expansionism
-Sufi Islam is more the mystical sect of Islam. Many Sufi's believe that Sufism is full of "good" Muslims. Its literal meaning is the journey of the slave to the king. A Sufi is someone who is a traveler on "the" path. While they appear to be walking on the ground, they are actually walking on the land of their heart and making a journey through their heart. Most Sufi's do not believe that life ends in death. Some say that Sufism has no real connection to Islam.
Description of Salafism:
-Salafism is an ideology that suggests that Islam has strayed from its roots. Salafists call for the restoration of authentic Islam as expressed by an adherence to its original teachings and texts. Salafists who embrace the jihad, felt that violence and terrorism were justified to realize their political objectives. The origins of Salafi jhadism can be traced to the Muslims Brotherhood, a seminal organization for Islamic terrorism. It was founded in Egypt in 1928 and had the goal of creating an Islamic state. Many Salafists blame Judaism and Christianity for Muslims losing their way because they believe that these religion themselves have strayed form God's true path. Believers may deviate form strict Muslim practices in order to blend in and avoid detection while plotting attacks.
Paper 2 Question: To what extent can it be said that certain sects of Islam reflect the true lessons in the Koran and others do not?
Description of Salafism:
-Salafism is an ideology that suggests that Islam has strayed from its roots. Salafists call for the restoration of authentic Islam as expressed by an adherence to its original teachings and texts. Salafists who embrace the jihad, felt that violence and terrorism were justified to realize their political objectives. The origins of Salafi jhadism can be traced to the Muslims Brotherhood, a seminal organization for Islamic terrorism. It was founded in Egypt in 1928 and had the goal of creating an Islamic state. Many Salafists blame Judaism and Christianity for Muslims losing their way because they believe that these religion themselves have strayed form God's true path. Believers may deviate form strict Muslim practices in order to blend in and avoid detection while plotting attacks.
Paper 2 Question: To what extent can it be said that certain sects of Islam reflect the true lessons in the Koran and others do not?
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